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How does diversification help promote development?

Reduces reliance on primary exports and creates more resilient economies.

What is the difference between economic growth and economic development?

Growth refers to increased output; development includes improvements in well-being.

What is the role of microfinance in development?

It provides small loans to the poor to support entrepreneurship and income generation.

How does income inequality affect development?

It can lead to social unrest and limit access to health and education.

Why is dependence on primary products a barrier to development?

Because prices are volatile and terms of trade often decline, leading to unstable export revenues.

What does the Human Development Index (HDI) measure?

A composite index of life expectancy, education, and per capita income.

What is a poverty trap?

A self-reinforcing cycle where low income leads to low savings, low investment, and therefore continued low income.

Give one example of a social indicator of development.

Literacy rate or infant mortality rate.

How can economic integration help development?

It can increase market access and promote efficiency through competition.

Name one internal barrier to development.

Inadequate infrastructure or poor governance.

Name a multilateral development institution.

The World Bank or International Monetary Fund (IMF).

What is a common political barrier to economic development?

Corruption or weak institutions.

How does corruption act as a barrier to development?

It misallocates resources, undermines institutions, and discourages foreign and domestic investment.

How does poor infrastructure hinder economic development?

It limits access to markets, reduces productivity, and increases transaction costs for businesses.

How can education programs promote development?

They improve human capital and productivity, supporting long-term growth.

How can poverty cycles hinder development?

Low income leads to low investment in health and education, which reduces productivity and keeps incomes low.

What is import substitution?

A strategy to replace foreign imports with domestic production to encourage self-sufficiency.

Name one environmental indicator of development.

CO2 emissions per capita.

How can good governance promote development?

By ensuring transparency, accountability, and effective use of resources.

Why is access to international markets important for development?

It allows developing countries to specialize, gain from trade, and attract foreign investment.

What is one aim of debt relief for developing countries?

To free up resources for development spending.

What are the main limitations of using GDP per capita to measure development?

It ignores income distribution, quality of life, and environmental sustainability.

What is the purpose of the Gender Inequality Index (GII)?

It measures gender-based disadvantage in reproductive health, empowerment, and labor market participation.

What is the role of NGOs in development?

They provide aid, services, and advocacy in areas where governments may be ineffective.

What is the Happy Planet Index (HPI)?

An index that measures sustainable well-being combining life expectancy, well-being, and ecological footprint.

India’s Consumer Market Shrinks as Wealth Inequality Deepens

India’s Consumer Market Shrinks as Wealth Inequality Deepens

Nigeria Joins BRICS: What Does it Mean for the Global Economy?

Nigeria Joins BRICS: What Does it Mean for the Global Economy?

China Slashes Tariffs for Developing Nations

China Slashes Tariffs for Developing Nations

World Bank Calls for Greater Debt Relief to Aid Developing Nations

World Bank Calls for Greater Debt Relief to Aid Developing Nations

Vancouver’s Affordable Housing Push: Building for a Fairer Future

Vancouver’s Affordable Housing Push: Building for a Fairer Future

Bill Gates on Taxes: “I should have paid more!”

Bill Gates on Taxes: “I should have paid more!”

Europe on the Brink: Calls for Immediate Climate Action

Europe on the Brink: Calls for Immediate Climate Action

Japan Still Struggling with Wide Gender Gap

Japan Still Struggling with Wide Gender Gap

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Flowing Forward: $5.8 Billion Federal Boost for Nationwide Water Systems

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Bridging the Gender Gap Will Cost $360 Billion a Year

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Paris Triples Parking Charges for SUVs in a Push for Greener Streets

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California’s Solar Setback: Incentive Cuts Dim the Shine on Rooftop Solar

Europe’s Rich Nations Facing Child Poverty Crisis

Europe’s Rich Nations Facing Child Poverty Crisis

Germany to Invest Billions in African Energy Projects

Germany to Invest Billions in African Energy Projects

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Innovating Against Waste: How TGTG Is Tackling the Global Food Waste Challenge

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Melbourne’s Soap Recycling: A Clean Solution to Global Health and Waste

Climate change

Africa’s Economic Decline: Devastating Impact of Climate Change

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Indian economy to shrink for the first time in forty years

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A Hunger pandemic could be the worst outcome of Covid-19 in the world’s poorest regions

an image to represent cash being given out as universal basic income

Could the coronavirus lead to a widespread adoption of universal basic income?

An image of Dhaka in Bangladesh

Over a million clothing workers in Bangladesh have lost their jobs as Covid-19 brings the textile industry to a standstill

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